通讯作者: 郑海峰, 15700066941@163.com

DOI：10.12201/bmr.202502.00004

Clinical characteristics and speech recognition ability analysis of different subtypes of sudden deafness

• 摘要：目的：探讨不同分型突发性耳聋患者的临床发病特征及言语识别能力特点。方法：纳入符合纳入、排除标准的单侧突发性耳聋患者280例，按治疗前纯音听阈曲线类型和听力损失程度进行分组。对各组一般情况、临床发病、最大言语识别率（WRSmax）、疗效等数据进行比较。结果：三组患者性别、年龄、发病耳别均无统计学差异( P>0.05) ；病程、听力损失程度、耳鸣、耳闷、眩晕等临床症状及疗效比较，上升型听力损失程度轻、耳闷发生率高、预后好，平坦型病程短、听力损失程度重，下降型病程长、耳鸣发生率高、预后差，差异均有统计学意义( P<0.05) ；言语识别率、语频处纯音平均听阈数值比较，平坦型语频平均听阈数值高于其他两型、言语识别率低于其他两型，差异有统计学意义( P<0.05) 。结论：不同分型的突聋患者在发病特征与预后方面各具特点，不同分型、不同听力损失程度突聋患者的言语识别率得以量化为临床诊治提供参考，对于提高突聋的临床诊断准确性、制定个性化治疗方案以及改善患者预后具有重要的意义。

  关键词： 突发性耳聋、临床特征、预后、言语识别率

   

  Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and speech recognition capabilities of patients with different subtypes of sudden deafness. Method: A total of 280 patients with unilateral sudden deafness who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. They were grouped based on the type of pure - tone hearing threshold curve and the degree of hearing loss prior to treatment. The general conditions, clinical incidences, maximum speech recognition rates (WRSmax), and efficacy data of each group were compared. Result: Among the three groups of patients, there were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, and affected ear side (P>0.05). When comparing clinical symptoms and therapeutic effects regarding disease course, degree of hearing loss, tinnitus, ear tightness, dizziness, etc., the ascending - type hearing loss was characterized by a mild degree, a high incidence of ear tightness, and a favorable prognosis. The flat - type had a short disease course but a severe degree of hearing loss. The descending - type presented with a long disease course, a high incidence of tinnitus, and a poor prognosis. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In the comparison of speech recognition rate and average pure - tone hearing threshold value at speech frequencies, the average hearing threshold value of the flat - type at speech frequencies was higher than that of the other two types, and its speech recognition rate was lower, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with different subtypes of sudden deafness exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of onset and prognosis. Quantifying the speech recognition rates of sudden deafness patients with different subtypes and degrees of hearing loss can serve as a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. This is of great significance for enhancing the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of sudden deafness, formulating personalized treatment plans, and improving patient prognosis.

  Key words: sudden deafness, clinical features, prognosis, speech recognition rate

  提交时间：2025-02-08

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• 序号	提交日期	编号	操作
  1	2025-01-13	bmr.202502.00004V1	下载

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