Clinical Application Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of testicular masses

Corresponding author: xie zuo liu, 93136615@qq.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202502.00061

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  Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical application value of contrast - enhanced ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of testicular masses.Methods: A total of 63 patients with testicular masses from January 2014 to August 2024 were collected. All patients underwent both conventional ultrasound and contrast - enhanced ultrasound examinations. Among them, pathological results were obtained through surgical resection in 55 cases, and 8 non-tumorous patients were diagnosed through clinical follow-up. According to the results, testicular masses were classified into neoplastic and non - neoplastic lesions. Neoplastic lesions were further divided into benign and malignant masses. The statistical significance of the following parameters was analyzed: Conventional ultrasound parameters included mass location, patient age, echo homogeneity, echo characteristics, maximum diameter of the mass, blood flow grade; Serum tumor markers included serum alpha - fetoprotein (AFP) and beta - subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β - HCG); Contrast - enhanced ultrasound parameters included enhancement intensity, enhancement time, enhancement pattern, arrival time (AT), time to peak (TTP), and rise time (RT).Results: In the differential diagnosis between neoplastic and non - neoplastic lesions of the testis, there were significant statistical differences in the maximum diameter of the mass, blood flow grade, enhancement time, and enhancement intensity (P< 0.05), while there were no significant statistical differences in mass location, patient age, echo homogeneity, echo characteristics, serum tumor markers, enhancement pattern, AT, TTP, and RT (P > 0.05). In the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant testicular masses, significant statistical differences were found in mass location, maximum diameter of the mass, echo characteristics, blood flow grade indicators, enhancement time, and enhancement intensity (P < 0.05), while there were no significant statistical differences in patient age, echo homogeneity, serum tumor markers, enhancement pattern, AP, TTP, and RT (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may have certain reference value in the diagnosis of testicular masses. Hypo-enhancement or non-enhancement, along with slow enhancement, may be manifestations of benign lesions.

  Key words: Contrast-Enhanced ultrasound; Conventional ultrasound; Testicular masses; Differential diagnosis

  Submit time: 25 February 2025

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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