Analysis of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection Status among Blood Donors in Wenzhou Area

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202505.00011

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  Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among voluntary blood donors in Wenzhou. Methods A total of 158,256 blood samples from voluntary blood donors aged 18 to 60 years in Wenzhou from December 2022 to April 2024 were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) serology and HBV-DNA nucleic acid. HBsAg(-)/HBV-DNA(+) samples were further tested for hepatitis B serological markers and HBV-DNA viral load. The test results were statistically analyzed. Results Among 158,256 blood donors, 148 cases of OBI were detected, with an OBI detection rate of 0.094%. Among different age groups of blood donors, the OBI detection rate was the highest in the 41-55 age group, with statistically significant differences (X2 = 93.986, P < 0.05). There were six serological patterns of OBI, among which the combined positive rate of anti-HBs and anti-HBc was the highest (36.47%, 54/148), followed by the positive rate of anti-HBc alone (20.27%, 30/148). The positive rates of anti-HBs, anti-HBe, and anti-HBc in OBI donors were statistically significant, with the highest positive rate of anti-HBc at 90.54%, followed by anti-HBs at 62.84% (X2 = 97.28, P < 0.05). Among the 148 OBI specimens, 32 cases had detectable viral loads, with a detection rate of 21.62%. The HBV-DNA viral load ranged from 1.39 to 98.82 IU/ml (median 8.34 IU/ml), mainly in the anti-HBc(+)/anti-HBe(+) pattern. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of viral load between the anti-HBs positive group and the negative group (X2 = 17.45, P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a certain rate of OBI infection in Wenzhou. The combination of nucleic acid testing and ELISA testing effectively reduces the risk of HBV transmission through blood. Young blood donors and regular blood donors over 56 years old have a relatively low OBI infection rate. Strengthening the construction of the regular blood donor team can further improve the safety of blood.

  Key words: Blood donors; Wenzhou; Occult hepatitis B virus infection; Anti-HBc nucleic acid testing (NAT); 

  Submit time: 13 May 2025

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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