The impact and mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide on ETEC-induced enteritis

Corresponding author: JIA Wei, jiaweiwei100@126.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202410.00010

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  Abstract: Objective The aim is to study the effect and mechanism of polysaccharide on enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) induced enteritis in mice. Methods Twenty-four 6-to 8-week-old male SPF Kunming mice were selected. A mouse enteritis model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ETEC bacterial suspension. They were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, ETEC infection group, ETEC infection+high-dose Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide group, and ETEC infection+low-dose Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide group. Histopathological changes in mouse small intestine tissues were observed using HE staining to understand the pathological changes in mouse tissues. The expression of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) proteins in mouse small intestine tissues was detected by WB method, and the expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa B p65 subunit (NF-κB p65), and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) mRNA in mouse small intestine tissues were detected by RT-qPCR technique to explore the regulatory effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide on ETEC-induced mouse intestinal inflammation through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Results Compared with the control group, mice infected with ETEC showed lethargy, reduced appetite, damaged intestinal villi, significant inflammatory infiltration in tissues, and an increasing trend in DAI scores (P<0.05). The relative expression levels of TLR4, NF-κBp65, and MyD88 mRNA, as well as the protein expression levels of CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the small intestine tissues of mice, were significantly increased (P<0.01).Compared with the ETEC-infected group, mice in the different dosage groups showed improvements in mental status and appetite. The relative expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB p65, and MyD88 mRNA in the small intestine tissues of mice were significantly decreased in all dosage groups (P<0.01). In the high-dose group, the protein expression levels of CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the small intestine tissues of mice were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while the decrease in the low-dose group was not significant (P>0.05). Compared with the low-dose group, the high-dose group showed significant decreases in the relative expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA, as well as in the protein expression level of IL-6 in the small intestine tissues of mice (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can effectively relieve the intestinal inflammation induced by ETEC, and may exert its anti-inflammatory effect through regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, which may be proportional to its concentration

  Key words: Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide; ETEC; inflammatory factor; enteritis; TLR4/NF-κB

  Submit time: 7 October 2024

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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